Scikit-learn

Scikit-learn is the gold standard for "Classical ML" (Regression, SVM, Random Forest). v1.6 (2025) adds Array API support (running on GPUs via PyTorch/CuPy).

When to Use

• Tabular Data: Random Forests / Gradient Boosting.
• Preprocessing: StandardScaler, LabelEncoder.
• Small Data: When Deep Learning is overkill.

Core Concepts

Estimators

Everything implements .fit(X, y) and .predict(X).

Pipelines

Chaining preprocessing and modeling: Pipeline([('scaler', StandardScaler()), ('svc', SVC())]).