DNS & Network Debugging

Practical workflows for diagnosing DNS, connectivity, and latency problems.

DNS Lookups

dig (preferred tool)

# A record (IPv4)
dig example.com

# Specific record types
dig example.com AAAA      # IPv6
dig example.com MX        # Mail servers
dig example.com CNAME     # Canonical name
dig example.com TXT       # TXT records (SPF, DKIM, verification)
dig example.com NS        # Nameservers
dig example.com SOA       # Start of authority