grad-meta-analysis
後設分析 (Meta-Analysis)
Overview
Meta-analysis statistically combines effect sizes from multiple independent studies to produce a pooled estimate with greater precision and generalizability. It quantifies between-study heterogeneity and tests for publication bias, providing a rigorous evidence synthesis that goes beyond narrative literature reviews.
When to Use
- Synthesizing quantitative findings from multiple studies on the same research question
- Resolving conflicting results across studies
- Estimating an overall effect size with tighter confidence intervals
- Identifying moderators that explain heterogeneity across studies
When NOT to Use
- Studies are too heterogeneous in constructs, measures, or populations to combine meaningfully
- Fewer than 5 studies are available (pooled estimates become unreliable)
- Primary studies have fundamentally different research designs (mixing RCTs with observational)
- The research question is qualitative or conceptual rather than quantitative
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