Simplifying Ruby Code

Prefer plain data (Hash, Array, Struct, Data) and pure functions over classes that add no state or behavior. Separate decisions from effects: a decision takes data and returns data; an effect does I/O (database, network, files, time). Keep them in separate methods or modules so decisions test without mocks.

When the user asks for a review, report findings and edit nothing unless they ask. Cite patterns by number ("Pattern 1") or by anti-pattern name.

Patterns