Panda CSS v1 → v2

v2 keeps the authoring API and rewrites the compiler in Rust. Your panda.config.ts carries over. What breaks is mostly config plumbing, a few CLI flags, and packages that no longer exist.

The full guide is Upgrading to v2. This skill is the ordered path through it. Read the guide for anything below that needs detail.

Before you start

Check the project can even run v2:

• ESM only. No CommonJS build. The project needs "type": "module", .mjs files, or an ESM-aware bundler. require('@pandacss/dev') will not work.
• Node 22 or newer. Published packages declare "engines": { "node": ">=22" }.

If either fails, fix that first. Nothing else matters until the config loads.

Upgrade checklist