Pulumi

Pulumi lets you define infrastructure using TypeScript, Python, Go, or C#. It offers the power of a real language (loops, functions, classes) for IaC. 2025 highlights include Pulumi ESC for secret management.

When to Use

• Developers: You prefer TypeScript over HCL YAML.
• Complexity: You need genuine logic (if/else, loops, external API calls) during infrastructure definition.
• Testing: You want to unit test your infrastructure code using standard test runners (Jest, Pytest).

Quick Start (TypeScript)

import * as pulum from "@pulumi/pulumi";
import * as aws from "@pulumi/aws";

const bucket = new aws.s3.Bucket("my-bucket", {
  acl: "private",
});