+================================ CREATION =================================+
|                                                                            |
|   gt sling <beads>      gt convoy create ...     gt convoy stage <epic>    |
|        |  (auto-convoy)       |  (explicit)            |  (validated)     |
|        v                      v                        v                  |
|   +-----------+          +-----------+         +----------------+         |
|   |  status:  |          |  status:  |         |    status:     |         |
|   |   open    |          |   open    |         | staged:ready   |         |
|   +-----------+          +-----------+         | staged:warnings|         |
|                                                +----------------+         |
|                                                        |                  |
|                                              gt convoy launch             |
|                                                        |                  |
|                                                        v                  |
|                                                +----------------+         |
|                                                |    status:     |         |
|                                                |     open       |         |
|                                                | (Wave 1 slung) |         |
|                                                +----------------+         |
|                                                                            |
|   All paths produce: CONVOY (hq-cv-*)                                      |
|                      tracks: issue1, issue2, ...                           |
+============================================================================+
              |                              |
              v                              v
+= EVENT-DRIVEN FEEDER (5s) =+   +=== STRANDED SCAN (30s) ===+
|                              |   |                            |
|   GetAllEventsSince (SDK)    |   |   findStranded             |
|     |                        |   |     |                      |
|     v                        |   |     v                      |
|   close event detected       |   |   convoy has ready issues  |
|     |                        |   |   but no active workers    |
|     v                        |   |     |                      |
|   CheckConvoysForIssue       |   |     v                      |
|     |                        |   |   feedFirstReady           |
|     v                        |   |   (iterates all ready)     |
|   feedNextReadyIssue         |   |     |                      |
|   (iterates all ready)       |   |     v                      |
|     |                        |   |   gt sling <next-bead>     |
|     v                        |   |   or closeEmptyConvoy     |
|   gt sling <next-bead>       |   |                            |
|                              |   +============================+
+==============================+

Three creation paths (sling, create, stage), two feed paths, same safety guards:

Event-driven (operations.go): Polls beads stores every ~5s for close events. Calls feedNextReadyIssue which checks IsSlingableType + isIssueBlocked before dispatch. Skips staged convoys (isConvoyStaged check).
Stranded scan (convoy_manager.go): Runs every 30s. feedFirstReady iterates all ready issues. The ready list is pre-filtered by IsSlingableType in findStrandedConvoys (cmd/convoy.go). Only sees open convoys — staged convoys never appear.

Safety guards (the three rules)

These prevent the event-driven feeder from dispatching work it shouldn't:

1. Type filtering (`IsSlingableType`)

Only leaf work items dispatch. Defined in operations.go:

var slingableTypes = map[string]bool{
    "task": true, "bug": true, "feature": true, "chore": true,
    "": true, // empty defaults to task
}

Epics, sub-epics, convoys, decisions -- all skip. Applied in both feedNextReadyIssue (event path) and findStrandedConvoys (stranded path).

2. Blocks dep checking (`isIssueBlocked`)

Issues with unclosed blocks, conditional-blocks, or waits-for dependencies skip. parent-child is not blocking -- a child task dispatches even if its parent epic is open. This is consistent with bd ready and molecule step behavior.

Fail-open on store errors (assumes not blocked) to avoid stalling convoys on transient Dolt issues.

3. Dispatch failure iteration

Both feed paths iterate past failures instead of giving up:

feedNextReadyIssue: continue on dispatch failure, try next ready issue
feedFirstReady: for range ReadyIssues with continue on skip/failure, return on first success

CLI commands

Stage and launch (validated creation)

gt convoy stage <epic-id>            # analyze deps, build DAG, compute waves, create staged convoy
gt convoy stage gt-task1 gt-task2    # stage from explicit task list
gt convoy stage hq-cv-abc            # re-stage existing staged convoy
gt convoy stage <epic-id> --json     # machine-readable output
gt convoy stage <epic-id> --launch   # stage + immediately launch if no errors
gt convoy launch hq-cv-abc           # transition staged → open, dispatch Wave 1
gt convoy launch <epic-id>           # stage + launch in one step (delegates to stage --launch)

Create and manage

gt convoy create "Auth overhaul" gt-task1 gt-task2 gt-task3
gt convoy add hq-cv-abc gt-task4

Check and monitor

gt convoy check hq-cv-abc       # auto-closes if all tracked issues done
gt convoy check                  # check all open convoys
gt convoy status hq-cv-abc       # single convoy detail
gt convoy list                   # all convoys
gt convoy list --all             # include closed

Find stranded work

gt convoy stranded               # ready work with no active workers
gt convoy stranded --json        # machine-readable

Close and land

gt convoy close hq-cv-abc --reason "done"
gt convoy land hq-cv-abc         # cleanup worktrees + close

Interactive TUI

gt convoy -i                     # opens interactive convoy browser
gt convoy --interactive          # long form

Batch sling behavior

gt sling <bead1> <bead2> <bead3> creates one convoy tracking all beads. The rig is auto-resolved from the beads' prefixes (via routes.jsonl). The convoy title is "Batch: N beads to <rig>". Each bead gets its own polecat, but they share a single convoy for tracking.

The convoy ID and merge strategy are stored on each bead, so gt done can find the convoy via the fast path (getConvoyInfoFromIssue).

Rig resolution

Auto-resolve (preferred): gt sling gt-task1 gt-task2 gt-task3 -- resolves rig from the gt- prefix. All beads must resolve to the same rig.
Explicit rig (deprecated): gt sling gt-task1 gt-task2 gt-task3 myrig -- still works, prints a deprecation warning. If any bead's prefix doesn't match the explicit rig, errors with suggested actions.
Mixed prefixes: If beads resolve to different rigs, errors listing each bead's resolved rig and suggested actions (sling separately, or --force).
Unmapped prefix: If a prefix has no route, errors with diagnostic info (cat .beads/routes.jsonl | grep <prefix>).

Conflict handling

If any bead is already tracked by another convoy, batch sling errors with detailed conflict info (which convoy, all beads in it with statuses, and 4 recommended actions). This prevents accidental double-tracking.

# Auto-resolve: one convoy, three polecats (preferred)
gt sling gt-task1 gt-task2 gt-task3
# -> Created convoy hq-cv-xxxxx tracking 3 beads

# Explicit rig still works but prints deprecation warning
gt sling gt-task1 gt-task2 gt-task3 gastown
# -> Deprecation: gt sling now auto-resolves the rig from bead prefixes.
# -> Created convoy hq-cv-xxxxx tracking 3 beads

Stage-launch workflow

Implemented in PR #1820. Depends on the feeder safety guards from PR #1759. Design docs: docs/design/convoy/stage-launch/prd.md, docs/design/convoy/stage-launch/testing.md.

The stage-launch workflow is a two-phase convoy creation path that validates dependencies and computes wave dispatch order before any work is dispatched. This is the preferred path for epic delivery.

Input types

gt convoy stage accepts three mutually exclusive input types:

Input	Example	Behavior
Epic ID	`gt convoy stage bcc-nxk2o`	BFS walks entire parent-child tree, collects all descendants
Task list	`gt convoy stage gt-t1 gt-t2 gt-t3`	Analyzes exactly those tasks
Convoy ID	`gt convoy stage hq-cv-abc`	Re-reads tracked beads from existing staged convoy (re-stage)

Mixed types (e.g., epic + task together) error. Multiple epics or multiple convoys error.

Processing pipeline

1. validateStageArgs     — reject empty/flag-like args
2. bdShow each arg       — resolve bead types
3. resolveInputKind      — classify Epic / Tasks / Convoy
4. collectBeads          — gather BeadInfo + DepInfo (BFS for epic, direct for tasks)
5. buildConvoyDAG        — construct in-memory DAG (nodes + edges)
6. detectErrors          — cycle detection + missing rig checks
7. detectWarnings        — orphans, parked rigs, cross-rig, capacity, missing branches
8. categorizeFindings    — split into errors / warnings
9. chooseStatus          — staged:ready, staged:warnings, or abort on errors
10. computeWaves         — Kahn's algorithm (only when no errors)
11. renderDAGTree        — print ASCII dependency tree
12. renderWaveTable      — print wave dispatch plan
13. createStagedConvoy   — bd create --type=convoy --status=<staged-status>

Wave computation (Kahn's algorithm)

Only slingable types participate in waves: task, bug, feature, chore. Epics are excluded.

Execution edges (create wave ordering):

blocks
conditional-blocks
waits-for

Non-execution edges (ignored for wave ordering):

parent-child — hierarchy only
related, tracks, discovered-from

Algorithm:

Filter to slingable nodes only
Calculate in-degree for each node (count BlockedBy edges to other slingable nodes)
Peel loop: collect all nodes with in-degree 0 → Wave N; remove them; decrement neighbors; repeat
Sort within each wave alphabetically for determinism

Output example:

  Wave   ID              Title                     Rig       Blocked By
  ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
  1      bcc-nxk2o.1.1   Init scaffolding          bcc       —
  2      bcc-nxk2o.1.2   Shared types              bcc       bcc-nxk2o.1.1
  3      bcc-nxk2o.1.3   CLI wrapper               bcc       bcc-nxk2o.1.2

  3 tasks across 3 waves (max parallelism: 1 in wave 1)

Convoy status model

Four statuses with defined transitions:

Status	Meaning
`staged:ready`	Validated, no errors or warnings, ready to launch
`staged:warnings`	Validated, no errors but has warnings. Fix and re-stage, or launch anyway.
`open`	Active — daemon feeds work as beads close
`closed`	Complete or cancelled

Valid transitions:

From → To	Allowed?
`staged:ready` → `open`	Yes (launch)
`staged:warnings` → `open`	Yes (launch)
`staged:*` → `closed`	Yes (cancel)
`staged:ready` ↔ `staged:warnings`	Yes (re-stage)
`open` → `closed`	Yes
`closed` → `open`	Yes (reopen)
`open` → `staged:*`	No
`closed` → `staged:*`	No

Error vs warning classification

Errors (fatal — prevent convoy creation):

Category	Trigger	Fix
`cycle`	Cycle detected in execution edges	Remove one blocking dep in the cycle
`no-rig`	Slingable bead has no rig (prefix not in routes.jsonl)	Add routes.jsonl entry

Warnings (non-fatal — convoy created as staged:warnings):

Category	Trigger
`orphan`	Slingable task with no blocking deps in either direction (epic input only)
`blocked-rig`	Bead targets a parked or docked rig
`cross-rig`	Bead on a different rig than the majority
`capacity`	A wave has more than 5 tasks
`missing-branch`	Sub-epic with children but no integration branch

Launch behavior

gt convoy launch <convoy-id> transitions a staged convoy to open and dispatches Wave 1:

Validate convoy exists and is staged
Transition status to open
Re-read tracked beads, rebuild DAG, recompute waves
Dispatch every task in Wave 1 via gt sling <beadID> <rig>
Individual sling failures do NOT abort remaining dispatches
Print dispatch results (checkmark/X per task)
Subsequent waves handled automatically by the daemon

If gt convoy launch receives an epic or task list (not a staged convoy), it delegates to gt convoy stage --launch to stage-then-launch in one step.

Staged convoy daemon safety

Staged convoys are completely inert to the daemon. Neither feed path processes them:

Event-driven feeder: isConvoyStaged check in CheckConvoysForIssue skips any convoy with staged:* status. Fail-open on read errors (assumes not staged → processes, which is safe since a read error on a non-existent convoy does nothing).
Stranded scan: gt convoy stranded only returns open convoys. Staged convoys never appear.

This means you can stage a convoy, review the wave plan, and launch when ready — no risk of premature dispatch.

Re-staging

Running gt convoy stage <convoy-id> on an existing staged convoy re-analyzes and updates:

Re-reads tracked beads from the convoy's tracks deps
Rebuilds DAG, re-detects errors/warnings, recomputes waves
Updates status via bd update (e.g., staged:warnings → staged:ready if warnings resolved)
Does NOT create a new convoy or re-add track dependencies

Testing convoy changes

Running tests

# Full convoy suite (all packages)
go test ./internal/convoy/... ./internal/daemon/... ./internal/cmd/... -count=1

# By area:
go test ./internal/convoy/... -v -count=1                       # feeding logic
go test ./internal/daemon/... -v -count=1 -run TestConvoy       # ConvoyManager
go test ./internal/daemon/... -v -count=1 -run TestFeedFirstReady
go test ./internal/cmd/... -v -count=1 -run TestCreateBatchConvoy  # batch sling
go test ./internal/cmd/... -v -count=1 -run TestBatchSling
go test ./internal/cmd/... -v -count=1 -run TestResolveRig      # rig resolution
go test ./internal/daemon/... -v -count=1 -run Integration      # real beads stores

# Stage-launch:
go test ./internal/cmd/... -v -count=1 -run TestConvoyStage     # staging logic
go test ./internal/cmd/... -v -count=1 -run TestConvoyLaunch    # launch + Wave 1 dispatch
go test ./internal/cmd/... -v -count=1 -run TestDetectCycles    # cycle detection
go test ./internal/cmd/... -v -count=1 -run TestComputeWaves    # wave computation
go test ./internal/cmd/... -v -count=1 -run TestBuildConvoyDAG  # DAG construction

Key test invariants

feedFirstReady dispatches exactly 1 issue per call (first success wins)
feedFirstReady iterates past failures (sling exit 1 -> try next)
Parked rigs are skipped in both event poll and feedFirstReady
hq store is never skipped even if isRigParked returns true for everything
High-water marks prevent event reprocessing across poll cycles
First poll cycle is warm-up only (seeds marks, no processing)
IsSlingableType("epic") == false, IsSlingableType("task") == true, IsSlingableType("") == true
isIssueBlocked is fail-open (store error -> not blocked)
parent-child deps are NOT blocking
Batch sling creates exactly 1 convoy for N beads (not N convoys)
resolveRigFromBeadIDs errors on mixed prefixes, unmapped prefixes, town-level prefixes
Cycles in blocking deps prevent staged convoy creation (exit non-zero, no side effects)
Wave 1 contains ONLY tasks with zero unsatisfied blocking deps among slingable nodes
Epics and non-slingable types are NEVER placed in waves
Daemon does NOT feed issues from staged:* convoys (both feed paths skip)
staged:warnings convoys can still be launched (warnings are informational)
Re-staging a convoy does NOT create duplicates (updates in place)
Launch dispatches ONLY Wave 1, not subsequent waves
Wave computation is deterministic (same input → same output, alphabetical sort within waves)

Deeper test engineering

See docs/design/convoy/stage-launch/testing.md for the full stage-launch test plan (105 tests across unit, integration, snapshot, and property tiers).

See docs/design/convoy/testing.md for the general convoy test plan covering failure modes, coverage gaps, harness scorecard, test matrix, and recommended test strategy.

Common pitfalls

parent-child is never blocking. This is a deliberate design choice, not a bug. Consistent with bd ready, beads SDK, and molecule step behavior.
Batch sling errors on already-tracked beads. If any bead is already in a convoy, the entire batch sling fails with conflict details. The user must resolve the conflict before proceeding.
The stranded scan has its own blocked check. isReadyIssue in cmd/convoy.go reads t.Blocked from issue details. isIssueBlocked in operations.go covers the event-driven path. Don't consolidate them without understanding both paths.
Empty IssueType is slingable. Beads default to type "task" when IssueType is unset. Treating empty as non-slingable would break all legacy beads.
isIssueBlocked is fail-open. Store errors assume not blocked. A transient Dolt error should not permanently stall a convoy -- the next feed cycle retries with fresh state.
Explicit rig in batch sling is deprecated. gt sling beads... rig still works but prints a warning. Prefer gt sling beads... with auto-resolution.
Staged convoys are inert. The daemon ignores them completely. Don't expect auto-feeding until you gt convoy launch.
Review staged:warnings before launching. Warnings are informational — fix and re-stage if possible, or launch anyway if they're acceptable.
gt convoy launch on a non-staged input delegates to stage. If you pass an epic or task list to launch, it runs stage --launch internally. Only an already-staged convoy gets the fast path.
Wave computation is informational. Waves are computed at stage time for display. Runtime dispatch uses the daemon's per-cycle isIssueBlocked checks, which are more dynamic.
You cannot un-stage an open convoy. Once launched, a convoy cannot return to staged status. The open → staged:* transition is rejected.

Key source files

File	What it does
`internal/convoy/operations.go`	Core feeding: `CheckConvoysForIssue`, `feedNextReadyIssue`, `IsSlingableType`, `isIssueBlocked`
`internal/daemon/convoy_manager.go`	`ConvoyManager` goroutines: `runEventPoll` (5s), `runStrandedScan` (30s), `feedFirstReady`
`internal/cmd/convoy.go`	All `gt convoy` subcommands + `findStrandedConvoys` type filter
`internal/cmd/sling.go`	Batch detection at ~242, auto-rig-resolution, deprecation warning
`internal/cmd/sling_batch.go`	`runBatchSling`, `resolveRigFromBeadIDs`, `allBeadIDs`, cross-rig guard
`internal/cmd/sling_convoy.go`	`createAutoConvoy`, `createBatchConvoy`, `printConvoyConflict`
`internal/cmd/convoy_stage.go`	`gt convoy stage`: DAG walking, wave computation, error/warning detection, staged convoy creation
`internal/cmd/convoy_launch.go`	`gt convoy launch`: status transition, Wave 1 dispatch via `dispatchWave1`
`internal/daemon/daemon.go`	Daemon startup -- creates `ConvoyManager` at ~237

convoy

Gastown Convoy System

Architecture