IFC Spatial Structure Errors

Diagnose and fix the errors that break the spatial structure of an IFC file : an element with no spatial container (an orphan), an element contained twice, an element placed at the wrong level, a deprecated proxy abused as a placeholder, and a spatial tree that is missing levels or never reaches IfcProject. These errors leave a file that may still pass EXPRESS schema checks, yet elements vanish from viewers, quantity take-off, and facility-management exports.

For the spatial-structure MODEL (how the tree is built correctly) see ifc-core-spatial-structure and ifc-impl-spatial-decomposition. For abstract WHERE-rule and global-RULE errors in general see ifc-errors-schema-validation. For dangling #id references see ifc-errors-broken-references.

Quick Reference

The mandatory spatial skeleton