Rust Runtime Panics

Diagnose and prevent runtime panics: index out of bounds, .unwrap() on None/Err, integer overflow, division by zero. Pick the right panic strategy (unwind vs abort), read backtraces, and guard FFI boundaries with catch_unwind. A panic is for an unrecoverable bug; an expected failure is a Result. Most runtime panics are programmer errors that a Result or a checked method would have caught at the call site.

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