Authentication & Authorization for FastAPI

Overview

FastAPI provides built-in security utilities based on OpenAPI standards. Use OAuth2 with Password flow + JWT tokens as the standard pattern for API authentication. Combine with bcrypt for password hashing and role-based access control (RBAC) for authorization.

Key packages:

uv add "python-jose[cryptography]" passlib[bcrypt] python-multipart
# or with PyJWT instead of python-jose:
uv add PyJWT[crypto] passlib[bcrypt] python-multipart

• python-jose or PyJWT -- JWT token creation and verification
• passlib[bcrypt] -- secure password hashing
• python-multipart -- required for OAuth2 form data parsing

Password Hashing