Python Cross-Platform Smoothing

Verified patterns for writing Python scripts that behave correctly on Windows, Linux, and macOS across CLI, TUI, and GUI contexts.

Unicode Output on Windows (Rich / Typer / any stdout)

Problem: Windows defaults stdout/stderr to a legacy code page (cp1252, cp437). Rich and Typer use Unicode characters (box-drawing, spinners, emoji) that these encodings cannot represent, causing UnicodeEncodeError at runtime.

Solution: Reconfigure streams before importing Rich or Typer.

import sys
from io import TextIOWrapper