ggplot2 Reference

ggplot2 is an R package for producing visualizations using a grammar of graphics. You compose plots from data, mappings, layers, scales, facets, coordinates, and themes.

Core Components

Data and Mapping

ggplot(data = mpg, mapping = aes(x = cty, y = hwy))

• Data: Tidy data frame (rows = observations, columns = variables)
• Mapping: aes() links data columns to visual properties (x, y, colour, size, etc.)

Layers

Layers display data using geometry, statistical transformation, and position adjustment: