Universal JavaScript Runtimes

Overview

Modern JavaScript can run in many environments: Node.js, Deno, Bun, Cloudflare Workers, browsers, and more. Universal JavaScript means writing code once that runs everywhere.

The Runtime Fragmentation Problem

JAVASCRIPT RUNTIMES (2024):

┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│                    Traditional Servers                           │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│  Node.js         │ The original server runtime (2009)           │
│  Deno            │ Secure runtime by Node creator (2020)        │
│  Bun             │ Fast all-in-one runtime (2022)               │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘