Version Control & Collaboration

git log is a debugging instrument. Its quality depends entirely on the discipline of the people who wrote to it.

Atomic commits — one logical change

One commit, one reason to revert it. The test: can you describe the change in a short subject line without using "and"?

• Atomic commits make git bisect effective — a failing test traces to the exact change that introduced it.
• Atomic commits make reverts safe — reverting "add feature X" does not also undo "fix unrelated bug Y".
• Split a large change by concern: refactor first (pure mechanical moves), then behavior change, then test additions.

Commit messages — what makes them load-bearing

Subject line: imperative mood, ≤50 characters, no trailing period. Body: wrap at 72 characters, explain why, not what.

[type] Short imperative subject (≤50 chars)