Apple HIG: Presentation Components

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Key Principles

Alerts: sparingly, for critical situations. Errors needing attention, destructive action confirmations, or information requiring acknowledgment. They interrupt flow and demand a response.
Sheets: focused tasks that maintain context. Presentation varies by platform. Prefer a window, full-screen flow or other suitable presentation for complex or prolonged work; iOS and iPadOS also support nonmodal sheets.
Popovers: transient contextual content. Anchor them to the trigger in wide layouts; dismissal and modality depend on platform and configuration. Preserve edits when automatically dismissing a nonmodal popover. Adapt compact layouts to a suitable sheet.
Action sheets: choosing among actions. Present when picking from multiple actions, especially if one is destructive. iPhone: slide up from bottom. iPad: appear as popovers.
Minimize interruptions. Before reaching for a modal, consider inline presentation or making the action undoable instead.
Concise, actionable alert text. Short descriptive title. Brief message body if needed. Button labels should be specific verbs ("Delete", "Save"), not "OK".
Mark destructive actions according to the component. Action sheets place destructive choices prominently at the top. Alerts distinguish an unexpected destructive choice from confirmation of an explicitly initiated destructive action; follow the platform default and Cancel behavior in the alert reference.