Apple HIG: Platform Design

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Key Principles

Each platform has a distinct identity. Adapt shared designs and code to each platform. Respect each platform's conventions, interaction models, and user expectations.
iOS: touch-first. Direct manipulation on a handheld screen. Optimize for one-handed use. Navigation uses tab bars and push/pop stacks.
iPadOS: expanded canvas. Support resizable windows and the multitasking modes available on the target OS and hardware. Use sidebars and multi-column layouts. Support pointer and keyboard alongside touch.
macOS: pointer and keyboard. Dense information display is acceptable. Use menu bars, toolbars, and keyboard shortcuts extensively. Windows are resizable with precise control.
tvOS: remote and focus. Viewed from a distance. Design for the Siri Remote with focus-based navigation. Large text, simple layouts, predictable spatial focus navigation.
visionOS: spatial interaction. 3D environment using windows, volumes, and spaces. System-managed gaze targeting and indirect gestures for interaction; apps must not assume access to raw eye-tracking data. Respect ergonomic comfort zones.
watchOS: glanceable and brief. Information consumable at a glance. Brief interactions. Digital Crown, haptics, and complications for timely content.