Version Compatibility

Reference examples tested with: ggplot2 3.5+, matplotlib 3.8+, seaborn 0.13+

Before using code patterns, verify installed versions match. If versions differ:

• Python: pip show <package> then help(module.function) to check signatures
• R: packageVersion('<pkg>') then ?function_name to verify parameters

If code throws ImportError, AttributeError, or TypeError, introspect the installed package and adapt the example to match the actual API rather than retrying.

Color Palettes

"Choose colors for a biological visualization" → Select appropriate color palettes for sequential data (expression levels), diverging data (fold changes), or categorical data (cell types/clusters).

• Python: seaborn.color_palette(), matplotlib.colormaps
• R: RColorBrewer::brewer.pal(), viridis::viridis()

Palette Types