Version Compatibility

Reference examples tested with: BioPython 1.83+, Entrez Direct 21.0+

Before using code patterns, verify installed versions match. If versions differ:

• Python: pip show <package> then help(module.function) to check signatures

If code throws ImportError, AttributeError, or TypeError, introspect the installed package and adapt the example to match the actual API rather than retrying.

Entrez Link

Navigate between NCBI databases using Biopython's Entrez module (ELink utility).

"Find related records across NCBI databases" → Use ELink to discover cross-references (e.g., gene to protein, sequence to publication).

• Python: Entrez.elink(dbfrom=..., db=..., id=...) (BioPython)
• CLI: elink -db protein -target gene (Entrez Direct)

Required Setup