MultiversX Protocol Expertise

This skill encompasses deep knowledge of the core MultiversX protocol architecture, utilized for reviewing protocol-level changes, complex dApp architectures involving cross-shard logic, and sovereign chain integrations.

1. Core Architecture: Adaptive State Sharding

• Sharding Types:
  • Network Sharding: Nodes are distributed into shards.
  • Transaction Sharding: Transactions are processed by the shard containing the sender's account.
  • State Sharding: Each shard maintains a portion of the global state (account space).
• Metachain:
  • The coordinator shard.
  • Handles: Validator churning, Epoch/Round verification, Slashing, Header notarization.
  • Does NOT execute general smart contracts (except for system contracts like Staking, ESDT management).
• Cross-Shard Transactions:
  • Async (Process -> Relay -> Execute): Sender Shard processes TX -> Generates internal transaction (Scratchpad) -> Relayer -> Receiver Shard executes.
  • Atomicity: Cross-shard is atomic but asynchronous.