Refactor: Architecture Hotspots

Find structural issues that create ongoing maintenance burden.

Hotspot Categories

1. High-Churn Files

Files changed frequently indicate poor abstraction boundaries.

2. Coupling Analysis

• Afferent Coupling (Ca): Who depends on this?
• Efferent Coupling (Ce): What does this depend on?
• Instability (I): Ce / (Ca + Ce)

3. Layer Violations

• UI accessing database directly
• Business logic in controllers
• Circular module dependencies