Associate labels with form controls

Properly associated labels ensure that screen readers can identify the purpose of form inputs and increase the clickable area for users with motor impairments.

Quick Reference

• Use <label> elements for all form inputs
• Connect labels using for and id attributes
• Placeholder text is not a label and must not be the only field name
• Use <fieldset> and <legend> when multiple controls share one question
• Ensure every input has a clear, accessible name

Check

Verify that all form controls (input, select, textarea) have programmatically associated labels using the 'for' and 'id' attributes. Flag placeholder-only labels and grouped controls that lack a fieldset legend.

Fix

Add a element with a 'for' attribute that matches the 'id' of the corresponding input field. Replace placeholder-only labels with real label text and wrap related checkboxes or radio buttons in a <fieldset> with a <legend>.