Use lowercase URLs

Mixed-case URLs can create duplicate content—search engines may index both /Product and /product as separate pages, splitting link equity and diluting rankings.

Quick Reference

• URLs should be entirely lowercase to prevent duplicate content issues
• Most web servers treat /Page and /page as different URLs, creating duplicates
• Redirect uppercase and mixed-case URLs to their lowercase equivalents with 301
• Apply lowercasing in your server config or framework router, not ad hoc

Check

Scan the site's internal links and server-side routes for URLs containing uppercase letters. Check HTTP response codes for uppercase variants of key URLs to confirm whether they redirect (301) to lowercase.

Fix

Configure your server or framework to normalize all incoming URLs to lowercase before routing. Add 301 redirects from any existing uppercase URLs to their lowercase equivalents. Update internal links and sitemaps to use only lowercase URLs.