Advanced TypeScript type system patterns for building type-safe, reusable components and utilities.

• Covers five core concepts: generics with constraints, conditional types with inference, mapped types for property transformation, template literal types for string patterns, and built-in utility types
• Includes six advanced patterns: type-safe event emitters, API clients, builder patterns, deep readonly/partial, form validation, and discriminated unions for robust type narrowing
• Demonstrates type inference techniques using the infer keyword, type guards, and assertion functions for compile-time safety
• Provides best practices including strict mode configuration, type testing strategies, and guidance on avoiding common pitfalls like circular references and over-complex types